Урок "Summer Rain" U2
Words
to grow - (of a living thing) increase in size by natural development: grass grows after rain; increase in amount, degree: the company has grown a lot in the last 5 years.
soul - the part of a person that is not the body and is thought not to die
to stay - stop and remain rather than go on or leave
Stay at a hotel, but with friends (in their house)
tongue - the movable fleshy organ in the mouth, used for tasting, moving food around, and, in human beings, for producing speech
generous - showing readiness (able to) to give money, help, kindness; unselfish
grip - a very tight, forceful hold: The president keeps a firm grip on his country's foreign policy (= keeps it under his control)
tiny - extremely small: a tiny baby/room
to dive - throw oneself head first into water: The girl dived into the swimming pool
pearl - a hard round small silvery-white mass formed inside the shell of oysters (устрицы), very valuable as a jewel: a pearl necklace, a string of pearls
bit - a small piece or amount: bits of broken glass
weak- not strong enough to work: I feel a bit weak after my illness; not strong in character
Language
Grow + adjective (прилагательное) = become gradually (= step by step): He's growing fat. The noise grew louder. It's growing (= becoming/ getting) dark.
Grow + Infinitive = begin gradually: In time you'll grow to like him (=as you learn to know him you'll like him).
Grow on trees - (in negatives): informal be very common or easy to get: Money doesn't grow on trees, you know.
Soul - the attractive quality produced by honesty or true deep feeling: It was a stylish performance but lacking in soul. You've got no soul (=you are soulless).
Soul of - a central, most important or most active part: He tells such good jokes, he's the life and soul of any party. (= makes any party full of fun).
Keep body and soul together - have enough money, food to live on: She hardly ats enough to keep body and soul together.
Heart and soul = with all one's attention; completely
Sell one's soul (to the devil) = act dishonestly in exchange for money, power, fame
Tongue - in certain phrases the "tongue" considered as the organ of speech: She has rather a sharp tongue (= severe or unkind way of speaking). Hold your tongue (= keep quiet).
A slip of the tongue: I mean to say Friday, not Monday: it was a slip of the tongue.
Set tongues wagging = cause much interest and talk; make people gossip (gossip = conversation about the details of other people's behaviour and private lives), often including information that is not actually true: The boss's love life has set tongues wagging.
Grip - understanding, control, or skill in an activity: I play badly today: I seem to be losing my grip.
Come/get to grips with - deal seriously with something difficult: The speaker talked a lot, but never really got to grips with the subject (=topic, problem)
Get/keep a grip in oneself - start to act in a more sensible, calm, and controlled manner
Dive + adverb (наречие) or + preposition (предлог): move quickly on land or in air, downwards, head first, or out of sight: He dived into the doorway so they wouldn't see him. He dived into (= put his hands into) the bag and brought out two red apples.
Dive in - start doing something quickly and eagerly (= with great desire): We all dived in and helped ourselves to the food.
Pearl ; do not cast. Throw pearls before swine (= pigs): (a slightly changed saying from the Bible) do not give something valuable to someone who cannot understand its value: The children wee too young to understand Shakespeare read to them; it was like casting pearls before swine.
Bit: (British English) any part of something larger: Who would like the last bit of cake?
A bit of something: (British English) a certain amount, some: a bit of bad news. I'm going to do a bit of Christmas shopping. There's been a bit of trouble at the office.
Grammar
You can "start /begin to do something" or you can "start/begin doing something", but the "doing" form is less common with "begin".
You cannot use the "doing" form when the first verb is in the ing-form: I'm beginning /starting to cook the dinner (not "cooking"), or when the second verb deals with feelings or the mind: She started /began to understand (not "understanding").
"Begin" is not used when you speak of 1) a machine: The car won't start; 2) a start in a match or competition; "Start" = make a surprised or sudden movement: She started at the noise. The touch on his shoulder made him start.
"Commence" is used like "begin", not "start", and is very formal: The summit commenced a day ago.
Note the pattern in "He stopped to listen" = "He paused in order to listen".
"He stopped listening " = "He didn't listen any more".
"He stopped me from listening " = "He didn't allow me to listen".
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